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森林认证认可计划(PEFC)体系


  1.机构及特征

  (1)发起:国家林业利益团体,主要是数个欧洲国家的小林场主协会。
  (2)机构:PEFC委员会(PEFCC)是PEFC的管理机构,它在国际层次上协调PEFC的发展和运作,并与独立的PEFC国家管理机构紧密合作。
  (3)经费:通过会员上交会费的方式筹集经费。
  (4)运作:PEFC本身不认证森林,也不直接认可认证机构去认证森林。它仅对国家认证体系进行认可,并控制PEFC认证标志的使用,而由国家认证体系行使相应的其它职能。
  (5)适用范围:可在地区、森林经营单位水平开展认证,也可以颁发团体证书。

  2.体系发展

  (1)认证标准:PEFC没有制定统一的认证标准,但对国家认证体系的认证标准提出了要求,包括标准制定的过程和内容。
  (2)监督审核:复审每年开展一次,但并不规律,并不是所有证书持有者每年都需要接受复审。每五年证书需要重新评审。
  (3)标签或产销监管链机制:可以独立或联合实施产销监管链认证。
  (4)透明度:不予提供完整的认证报告或总结报告

  3.认证现状

  (1)认证面积:截止2006年5月底,共有25个国家的将近1.91亿公顷的森林通过了PEFC体系的认证。
  (2)产销监管链认证:颁布了2706个产销监管链证书。
  (3)认可国家体系:共接纳了31个国家体系作为会员,批准了22个国家认证体系。

  PEFCDE Timeline时间表

  PEFC was established in 1999 by national organizations from eleven countries representing a wide range of interests to promote sustainable forest management especially among small forest managers. PEFC的成立于1999年由来自十一个国家的国家较广泛的兴趣,以促进可持续森林管理,特别是在小森林管理的组织。 

  PEFC recognized the first national system in 2000 , enabling forest owners and managers in Finland, Sweden, Norway, Germany and Austria to certify their responsible forest management practices PEFC承认在2000年的第一个国家制度,使森林所有者和管理者,在芬兰,瑞典,挪威,德国和奥地利,以证明其负责任的森林管理做法 

  In 2001 , in an effort to integrate social concerns more fully in its activities, PEFC became the first global forest certification organization to require compliance with all the fundamental ILO conventions in forest management. PEFC的2001年 ,为了更充分地结合在其活动的社会关注,成为全球首个森林认证组织要求遵守所有国际劳工组织基本公约在森林管理。 2001 also marks the year when social and environmental representatives joined the PEFC International's Board of Directors . 2001年还标志着一年,社会和环境的代表参加了PEFC 国际的董事会。 

  In 2004 , Australia and Chile became the first non-European national standards to be endorsed by PEFC. 2004年 ,澳大利亚和智利成为第一个非欧洲国家标准,PEFC的认可。 

  With the endorsement of the Canadian standard in 2005, PEFC became the world's largest forest certification system with more than 100 million hectares of certified forest area.在2005年加拿大标准的认可,PEFC成为世界上最大的的森林认证体系认证的森林面积超过100万公顷。 

  2005 , Finland became the first system to be re-endorsed under PEFC's mandatory five-year re-assessment requirement. 2005年 ,芬兰成为第一个系统PEFC的强制性五年重新评估的要求下重新认可。 This year also saw the first suspension of a national certification standard.今年也看到了国家认证标准的第一次被停牌。 The Swiss system was suspended for non-compliance with three PEFC requirements. 瑞士制,不遵守三个PEFC的要求暂停 。 This suspension was lifted in 2006 after the appropriate corrective action had been implemented.这在2006年 被解除暂停后已实施适当的纠正措施。 

  In 2007 , PEFC reached the 200 million hectare milestone of certified forests, bringing two-thirds of the world's total certified forest area under PEFC certification. 2007年 ,PEFC认证的森林达到200万公顷的里程碑,将根据PEFC认证的世界认证的森林总面积的三分之二。
The next year, in 2008 , PEFC decided to move its international headquarters from Luxembourg to Geneva, Switzerland in order to be closer to its international stakeholders in the UN, non-governmental organizations and other partners.明年,2008年 ,PEFC的决定将其从卢森堡,瑞士日内瓦的国际总部,以便更接近其国际利益攸关方在联合国,非政府组织和其他合作伙伴。 

  In 2009 , Gabon became the first African standard and the first standard in the tropics to be endorsed. 2009年 , 加蓬成为第一个非洲标准-在热带地区的第一标准-要赞同。 A few months later, Malaysia's standard became the second PEFC-endorsed system in a tropical country.几个月后, 马来西亚的标准成为一个热带国家的PEFC认可的第二个系统。 

  PEFC became the first global forest certification to introduce social aspects in Chain of Custody certification in 2010 . PEFC成为全球首个森林认证产销监管链认证 , 引进社会各方面在2010年。 

  China joind PEFC in 2011 .在2011年中国joind PEFC的。 

  In the decade since it was created, PEFC has strengthened its approach which has been adopted by increasing numbers of stakeholders making it today the world's largest forest certification system.在自创建十年来,PEFC加强了它的做法,已使其成为当今世界上最大的森林认证体系的利益相关者的人数不断增加。 

  It is the certification system of choice for small forest owners, with hundreds of thousands of forest owners certified to PEFC.这是小森林所有者的选择认证系统,与成千上万PEFC认证的森林所有者。

 



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